Below please find a list of training materials developed by UNESCAP in the area of public-private partnerships (PPP) for infrastructure development. You may choose activity areas by clicking on the green rectangles, or by browsing the list below. Comments and additions are welcome (contact us). Free online courses on selected PPP topics are also available.

List of training materials:

Participatory Approaches to Project Formulation and Implementation

• Public Involvement: Guidelines for Natural Resource Development (Details | html version)
  
  
• ESCAP-UNDP Guidelines for Participatory Planning for Rural Infrasturcture (Details | PDF)
  
  
• A Guide to the Application of Public Participation in Planning and Policy Formulation towards Sustainable Transport Development (Details | PDF)
  
  
• Guidebook on Promoting Good Governance in PPPs , ECE Secretariat (PDF, 105 pages).

Project planning and appraisal

• Guidelines on Strategic Planning and Management of the Energy Sector (Details | PDF)
  
  
• Guidelines on Strategic Planning and Water Resources (Details | PDF)

Risk Identification Assessment and Management

• Risk Identification, Assessment and Management (Document being developed by Trevor Bull) (Details)

Public-Private Partnership in Infrastructure Development: A Primer (PDF)

PPP - A Financial Perspective

• ESCAP Primer on Financial Aspects of PPPs:
  
  
  
  • The report "Public-Private Partnerships: A Financier's Perspective" (Word | PDF)
    Description: The report is broken up into five sections, each section representing a different segment in the development and assessment of PPPs. The first section provides a quick review of PPP structures and some of the key financial benefits. The second section looks at the financing of PPPs - what it is, how it is put together, and the different sources of financing available. The third section provides an overview of the activities that financiers use to assess the commercial viability of a project. The fourth section looks at risk and how it is defined. The fifth and final section provides an overview of environmental issues that affect private sector financing. Included in the Appendix are worksheets and background information to be used while reading the report.
    
    
  • Financial Model (Excel-file)
    
    
  • Training Manual on "Public-Private Partnerships: A Financier`s Perspective" (PDF). An free online course version of the training modules contained in this manual is currently under preparation.
    
    
• Background: Governments have historically financed infrastructure projects through budgetary allotments. However, as the demand for infrastructure grows and access to resources has become limited the public sector has increasingly looked to the private sector to provide financial resources, innovation, and technical expertise. Though working relationships between the public and private sector are not new, public private partnerships (PPP) are a relatively recent addition to an ever-evolving relationship. PPPs are a "cooperative venture between the public and private sectors, built on the expertise of each partner, that best meets clearly defined public needs through the appropriate allocation of resources, risks and rewards". PPPs can be quite complex, involving many different participants including government, private sector experts, financiers and customers, each having a different perspective, which is not always fully understood by the other participants. The purpose of this report is to provide the reader with a better understanding of the financier's perspective of PPP structures. Though some of the financing issues and examples may not be applicable to everyone, it is hoped that this report will provide an increased understanding of the financier's perspective; and in doing so a framework to increase the capacity of governments in order that they may be able to mobilize additional resources for the provision of infrastructure and basic services.

PPP - A Legal Perspective

• ESCAP Primer on Legal Aspects of PPPs
  
  
  • Guidelines: "A Legal Perspective of Public Private Partnerships" (Word | PDF)
    Description: This guideline is part of a project to redress the lack of institutional resources, capacity and experience that impede on successful development and conclusion of PPP projects in developing countries. The focus of this guideline is on understanding legal and contractual issues arising from PPP transactions at a national level. At a national level, contractual agreements in PPP projects are critically important. First, whether an infrastructure project is "bankable" depends very much on the quality of the project agreements. Infrastructure is usually regarded as a "non-marketable" asset, it is typically immovable (or movable at unjustifiably high cost) and there may be no market for the infrastructure asset altogether. It is the rights to infrastructure facility as determined by the project agreements, rather than the infrastructure facility in itself, that critically determines the risks of the project and the value of the project company. Second, project agreements describe, or should describe, the rights and obligations of the parties, the way the project is to be conducted and how risks are to be managed and allocated. Whether or not the reader is involved with the "legal" or "contractual" aspects of a PPP transaction, these issues need to be considered and understood.
    
    
  • Concession Agreement: Workbook of Issues and Example Clauses (Word | PDF)
    
    
  • Legislative Index (Excel file)
    
    
  • Training Manual on "A Legal Perspective of Public Private Partnerships" (in preparation). An free online course version of the training modules contained in this manual is also currently under preparation.
    

Project operations and maintenance

n.a..

Project Monitoring

• Article in ESCAP TC Bulletin No. 72 (2003): "Private Participation in the Infrastructure Programme of the Republic of Korea" (PDF)
  Abstract: The Private Participation in Infrastructure (PPI) programme of the Republic of Korea was formally launched in 1994. The limited success of the initial efforts and budgetary constraints after the Asian financial crisis of 1997 prompted the Government to take new initiatives in this area. A new PPI law was adopted in 1998, establishing the Private Infrastructure Investment Center of Korea in 1999. The Center acts as a special arm of the Government for the promotion of private sector participation in infrastructure sectors. These initiatives, along with other major reforms in the economy, have helped the renewed PPI programme to make tremendous progress. By March 2003, 130 projects were being implemented. Contracts involving $ 13 billion of domestic and foreign capital have been awarded. Against this background, this paper provides an overview of the Republic of Korea’s PPI programme, its history, successes and failures, and unique features.
  
  
• Article in ESCAP TC Bulletin No. 72 (2003): "Role of the Infrastructure Investment Facilitation Centre in the Development of Private Sector Infrastructure in Bangladesh" (PDF)
  Abstract: The Government of Bangladesh has established a special entity called the Infrastructure Investment Facilitation Centre to promote private sector participation in the infrastructure sector. IIFC provides professional services to ministries and government agencies concerning the development of infrastructure projects by the private sector. It also provides assistance to the Government in policy development and establishing regulatory frameworks for creating an enabling environment for private participation in the infrastructure sector. The paper highlights the need for an inside sponsor, draws attention to the significance of activities at the project development stage and focuses on the overall project development process conceptualized by IIFC. It discusses the different steps followed in the process and the role of IIFC at these stages. It also discusses the functions and characteristics of IIFC as an inside sponsor of private sector infrastructure projects and draws conclusions based on the experience of IIFC.

Project evaluation

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Training of trainers

• Manual: "Training the Trainers: Training Fundamentals" (PDF)
  Description: This manual on training fundamentals is designed to assist instructors (trainers) from national training institutes and instructors (trainers) froom the transport industry to deliver the training material on freight forwarding, multimodal transport and logistics that is being developed by the ESCAP secretariat in Bangkok.