Slide
1 Data standards,
data dictionaries, and the ICF
Nicola Fortune
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Slide 2
Outline of
presentation
- Importance of information
standards
- How health and community
services information standards are achieved
and maintained in Australia
- Data standards in the
disability field in Australia
- Standard set of disability
data items based on the ICF
Slide 3
Potential uses
of the ICF
- Wide range of applications
in the health and community services fields,
such as:
- In health information
systems, e.g. national data on rehabilitation
services
- Summary measures
of functional status (e.g. as a way of
including data on functioning in electronic
health records)
- Measuring client
outcomes in relation to a service provided
(e.g. better participation)
Slide 4
Why have national
information standards?
- Agreed standards allow
data from diverse sources to inform:
- Policy: What should
be done?
- Planning: How and
where?
- Provision: What
happened?
- Performance: Did
it work?
Slide
5 Achieving agreed
national information standards
- Co-operative effort is
required to reach agreement on information
standards
- Australia’s National
Community Services Information Development
Plan provides:
- A national approach
to information development
- Agreed strategies
and priorities for developing information
standards
Slide
6 Infrastructure
for achieving national data standards
- An agreed process for
endorsing data items: National Community Services
Data Committee
- An authoritative repository
of data items: National Community Services
Data Dictionary
- A standard way of defining
data items: data item template (based on ISO
standard)
Slide
7 National Data
Dictionaries
- Two main Australian data
dictionaries:
- National Community
Services Data Dictionary
- The National Health
Data Dictionary
- Authoritative repository
for endorsed data definitions and coding classifications
- Common understanding
of the meaning of data
- Designed to improve data
comparability and reduce duplication of effort
in data development
Slide
8 The ISO-based
template for data items in the dictionary
| Definition: |
What is it you want to know about? |
| Context: |
Who wants to know it and why? |
| Data domain: |
What is the range of possible answers? |
| Guide for use: |
Which answer should I choose? |
| Collection methods: |
How and when should this information be
obtained? |
| Related data: |
What other information is connected and
in what way? |
Slide
9 The AIHW Knowledgebase
- Electronic repository
of data standards
- Covers community services,
health and housing assistance
- Being redeveloped now
- Access to the Dictionary
and the Model: www.aihw.gov.au
Slide
10 Data standards
in the disability services field
- Advisory Committee on
Australian and International Disability Data
(ACAIDD)
- Aim: to improve
quality and consistency of data
- Work plan has included
advising on ICF development and testing,
and now implementation
- Membership: governments,
non-government service providers, service
users, Indigenous and overseas-born representatives,
independent experts
- National Disability Administrators
Slide
11 Nationally
agreed disability data items (1)
- A set of 15 nationally
agreed disability data items:
- operationalise ICF concepts
and classifications
- are for use in a broad
range of data collection applications
- are an important basis
for achieving data consistency
- a key component of ICF
implementation in Australia
Slide
12 Nationally
agreed disability data items (2)
- The disability data items
- were developed with
input from ACAIDD
- are in the National
Community Services Data Dictionary
- are being recommended
for inclusion in the National Health Data
Dictionary
Slide 13
Data element concepts:
- Disability
- Functioning
- Activity
- Participation
- Assistance with
activities and participation
|
Data elements:
- Body functions
- Body structures
- Impairment extent
- Activities and
participation domains
- Activity –
level of difficulty
- Participation extent
- Participation –
satisfaction level
- Environmental factors
- Environmental factors
– extent of influence
- Disability grouping
|
Slide 14 Disability
(data element concept)
| Definition: |
Disability is the umbrella term for any
or all of: an impairment of body structure
or function, a limitation in activities,
or a restriction in participation. Disability
is a multi-dimensional and complex concept
and is conceived as a dynamic interaction
between health conditions and environmental
and personal factors. |
Collection
methods: |
The concept ‘Disability’ can
be described using a combination of related
data elements as building blocks. |
| The data elements selected may vary depending
on the definition of disability used. For
example in hospital rehabilitation the focus
may be on the impairment and activity dimensions
and in community-based care the focus may
be participation primarily. |
Slide 15 Activity—level
of difficulty (data element)
Definition: |
The level of difficulty that an individual
has in executing an activity. |
| Context: |
Activity limitation varies with the environment
and is assessed in relation to a particular
environment; the absence or presence of
assistance, including aids and equipment,
is an aspect of the environment. |
| Data domain: |
0 No difficulty
1 Mild difficulty
2 Moderate difficulty
3 Severe difficulty
4 Complete difficulty
9 Not stated/inadequately described |
| Guide for use: The
area in which an individual experiences
an activity limitation is indicated in the
data element ‘Activities and Participation
domains’. The presence of an activity
limitation with a given activity is indicated
by a non-zero response in this data domain. |
Slide
16 Support needs
data item in disability services collection
- ‘How often does
the consumer need personal help or supervision
with activities or participation in the following
life areas?’
- Life areas consistent
with ‘Activity and Participation domains’
data item
Slide
17 Medical indemnity
national data collection
- The primary body structure
or function of the person alleged to have
been affected as a result of the incident
- Uses ICF body function
and structure domains, combined into single
code list; maps to body functions and
body structures data items in NCSDD
- Extent of ‘harm’
- ‘temporary’,
‘minor’ and ‘major’;
maps to ‘impairment extent’
data item in NCSDD
Slide
18 In summary
...
- The nationally
agreed disability data items represent an
important step towards improving data consistency
and encouraging the use of the ICF in Australia
- Next step: promote
the use of the data items in a broad range
of data collection activities—within
the disability field, and more broadly
|
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