CONTENTS

Abbreviations and Acronyms

I.               INTRODUCTION

II.             PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION PRACTICES IN SPACE-ENABLED SERVICES IN CHINA

A.            THE EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN SPACE APPLICATIONS IN CHINA

1.        Introduction

2.        Description of PPP Financing Pattern

3.        Analysis of the Pattern of Investment and Financing in Space Infrastructure Projects Abroad

3.1   The Situation of Investment and Financing in Space Infrastructure Projects in Major Space-Faring Countries

3.2   Analysis of the Pattern of Investment and Financing in Space Infrastructure Projects in Foreign Countries

4.        Public-Private Partnership Mode in Space Application Projects in China

4.1   China’s Direct Broadcasting Satellite

4.2   Beijing-1 Earth Observation Microsatellite

4.3   Rural Informationization

4.4   Distance Learning

5.        The Conclusion of the PPP Pattern

5.1   Main Structure

5.2   The Advantages of the PPP Pattern

5.3   PPP Patterns that Can Be Selected

6.        Conclusions

6.1   Wanting to Attract Capital, But Looking Down on Competition

6.2   Taking PPP Equivalent to Privatization

6.3   Lack of Rules or an Uncoordinated, Incomplete and Unreasonable System

6.4   Supervision System Has Not Been Finalized

B.            EXPERIENCE AND TRENDS IN COMMUNITY E-CENTRES IN YUNNAN PROVINCE OF CHINA

1.        Introduction to Yunnan Province

2.        Rapid Growth of the Communication Industry in Yunnan Province

2.1   Situation of the Telecommunication Industry

2.2   Advantages and Uses of Satellite Communications in Yunnan Province

3.        Relevant Communication Policies in Yunnan Province

3.1   National Universal Service Policy

3.2   “Telephone Available to Every Village” in Yunnan Province

4.        Cases

Case 1:               Distance Education System

Case 2:               e-Health System

Other Cases:     Geographical Information Platform

5.        Planning for Community e-Centres in Yunnan Province

5.1   Policies under Formulation

5.2   Basic Principles of the Initiative

6.        Considerations for Satellite Technology

7.        Promoting Multisectoral Partnership

III.           HARNESSING SPACE-BASED ICT PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FOR HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIP PRACTICES IN INDIA

1.         Context and Background

1.1   Major Advances: Post-Liberalization Scenario

1.2   Challenges of Equitable Development

1.3   India’s Space Assets

1.4   Institutionalization of Space Applications

2.         Status and Impacts of Space-Based ICT Products and Services

2.1   Community e-Centres (Rural Telecentres)

2.2   Village Resource Centres

2.3   Community Training and Development

2.4   Tele-Education

2.5   Telemedicine

2.6   Emergency Communication Networks

2.7   Remote Sensing and GIS Applications

3.         Public-Private Partnerships in Space-Based ICTs 54

3.1   Challenges of Social Exclusion

3.2   PPP for Space-Based ICT Products and Services

3.3   PPP in Satellite Communication-Based Services

4.         Community Participation in Space-Based ICTs 59

4.1   What Works on the Ground

4.2   Sustainability

4.3   Community Participation through Partnership with Non-Governmental Organizations

4.4   Scaling Up for Mainstreaming Space-Based ICT Products and Services

5.         Suggested Strategies and Guidelines 66

5.1   Recognizing the Vitality of Space-Based Information and Communication Technology for Inclusive Growth

5.2   Creating the “Space” For PPP and Community Participation

5.3   Building a Space-Based ICT Model with People at the Base

5.4   Regional Cooperation in Capacity-Building

Appendix I:        Important Telecentres in India

Appendix II:      Hardware and Software Segments of Village Resource Centres

IV.          PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION PROGRAMME IN USING SPACE-BASED PRODUCTS AND SERVICES IN THE PHILIPPINES

1.         Introduction

2.         Policy and Institutional Frameworks

2.1   Legal and Policy Framework

2.2   Institutional Framework and Organizational Linkages

3.         Current Programmes and Projects

3.1 Technology Infrastructure

3.2 Technology Applications

4.         Implementing Strategies

4.1   Technology Enhancement

4.2   Greater Private Sector Involvement

4.3   Human Resource Development

4.4   Fiscal Strategies

5.         Roles and Options of Stakeholders

6.         Mechanisms for Partnership and Participation

6.1   Institutional Mechanisms

6.2   Financial Mechanisms

7.         Lessons from Experience and Recommendations

7.1   On Policies and Strategies

7.2   On Distance Learning

7.3   On Telehealth

7.4   On Disaster Management

7.5   On Community Telecentres

V.            ENABLING POLICIES 107

1.         Public-Private Partnership for Building an ICT-Enabling Society in the Republic of Korea

2.         JAXA’s Policy for Promoting Industrial Collaboration