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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

V

1

INTRODUCTION

1

1.1

Objective and Scope

1

1.2

The MPPM Suite

1

1.3

Report Structure and Contents

2

2

CHANGES IN INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER SHIPPING AND PORT ENVIRONMENT

3

2.1

Changes in International Container Trade

3

2.2

Trend in Container Shipping Market

7

2.3

Shipping Line Response

11

2.4

Implications for Ports

19

3

CONTAINER TRADE GROWTH

26

3.1

Economic Assumptions

26

3.2

Global Container Forecasts

28

3.3

Geographical Distribution of Container Volumes

29

4

TRADE STRUCTURE

32

4.1

Changing Nature of Global Container Trade

32

4.2

Asia - North America

33

4.3

Asia - Europe

34

4.4

Intra-Asia

35

4.5

Minor Routes

38

5

CONTAINER PORT VOLUMES

39

5.1

From Container Flows to Port Volumes

39

5.2

Empty Containers

39

5.3

Container Port Volumes: World and ESCAP Region

42

5.4

Patterns of Trans-Shipment

43

6

CONTAINER BERTH REQUIREMENTS

48

REFERENCES

51