Acknowledgement

Preface

Chapter 1. Introduction

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Justification
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Structure of the study
1.5 Methodology

Chapter 2. The case-studies

2.1 Description of the case-studies
2.2 Problems and solutions identified by the case-studies

Chapter 3. Responsibilities and roles of government

3.1 Objectives and actors
3.2 Decentralization as a means to improve urban management
3.3 Case-studies

Chapter 4. Land tenure systems and squatter settlements

4.1 Land tenure systems
4.2 Squatter settlements and eviction

4.2.1 Squatter settlements
4.2.2 Eviction
4.2.3 Policies regarding squatter settlements

4.3 Case-studies

4.3.1 Land tenure systems
4.3.2 Squatter settlements

Chapter 5. Land use and methods to control its use

5.1 Overview
5.2 Case-studies

5.2.1 Planning instruments
5.2.2 Land use
5.2.3 Mixed land use
5.2.4 Vacant land
5.2.5 Control of population densities and regulations on plot sizes

Chapter 6. Availability of public land and public land acquisition

6.1 Overview
6.2 Expropriation and nationalization
6.3 Land banking
6.4 Government-owned land
6.5 Green areas and green belts
6.6 Case-studies

6.6.1 Expropriation
6.6.2 Land banking
6.6.3 Government-owned land
6.6.4 Green areas and green belts

Chapter 7. Land development

7.1 Overview

7.1.1 Land
7.1.2 Infrastructure and services

7.2 Public land development
7.3 Public/private cooperation
7.4 Delays and public development procedures
7.5 Land speculation

7.5.1 Overview
7.5.2 Methods to reduce land speculation

7.6 Funding public infrastructure investments
7.7 Case-studies

7.7.1 Availability and provision of services
7.7.2 Land development
7.7.3 Land markets, land development procedures and delays
7.7.4 Methods to reduce land speculation

Chapter 8. Land registration and information systems

8.1 Land registration systems
8.2 Land information systems
8.3 Case-studies

Chapter 9. Property taxation

9.1 Municipal finance
9.2 Property taxes

9.2.1 Tax base and rates
9.2.2 Valuation

9.3 Case-studies

Chapter 10. Selected initiatives on access to land for the urban poor

10.1 Overview
10.2 Sites-and-services schemes
10.3 Settlement upgrading
10.4 Incremental development
10.5 Land-sharing
10.6 Land readjustment
10.7 Housing cooperatives
10.8 Case-studies

10.8.1 Overview
10.8.2 Sites-and-services schemes
10.8.3 Settlement upgrading
10.8.4 Land readjustment
10.8.5 Housing cooperatives

Annex. Size and built-up area of case studies

Bibliography

List of tables

2.1 Basic data for the case-studies
3.1 Responsibilities of the different tiers of government for the formulation of physical planning instruments
3.2 Responsibilities of the different tiers of government for the implementation of some important land management issues
3.3 Responsibilities of the different tiers of government for the construction of infrastructure and services
3.4 Funding source for the construction of infrastructure and services
3.5 Responsibilities of the different tiers of government for maintenance of services
3.6 Funding source for maintenance of services
4.1 Advantages with freehold and leasehold
5.1 Amount of land use for different purposes
5.2 Amount of per capita land for different purposes
5.3 Main reasons for vacant land
7.1 Annual urban land conversion
7.2 Guidelines to increase cooperation between local government and private developers
7.3 Availability of infrastructure and services
7.4 Indicators for infrastructure and services provision
7.5 Overview of regulations to reduce land speculation
9.1 Revenues from property-related taxes in 1993
9.2 Summary of major issues regarding property taxation in the case-studies
10.1 Possible project components to enhance the living conditions of low-income groups
10.2 Characteristics of land-sharing projects
10.3 Features of land readjustment projects
10.4 Approaches to provide land and shelter to low-income groups

List of figures

2.1 Location of the six case-studies
2.2 Graphical comparison of some key data
3.1 Municipal responsibilities in five case-studies
4.1 Percentage of total residential, commercial and industrial land with freehold
4.2 Percentage of the total population residing in squatter settlements on publicas well as private land
5.1 Amount of land use for different purposes
6.1 Amount of land expropriated as a percentage of the total land area.
7.1 Typical Asian city
7.2 Land prices in the Republic of Korea
7.3 Changes in capital values of land with changes in land use
7.4 Land development multiplier
8.1 The concept of a land information system
9.1 Property tax revenues as a percentage of total municipal revenues in selected countries and some case-studies
10.1 Approaches to shelter development
10.2 Sequence for decision-making for settlement upgrading
10.3 Basic principles of land readjustment

List of boxes

3.1 The integrated urban infrastructure development programme (IUIDP) of Indonesia
6.1 The land bank in Delhi
6.2 Land development in Fort Bonifacio
7.1 Land market assessment
7.2 Guided land development
8.1 Singapore's land data hub
10.1 Settlement upgrading in Sindh
10.2 The Sengki land-sharing project
10.3 Land readjustment in the Republic of Korea
10.4 Low-cost condominium housing in Bangkok
10.5 Settlement upgrading in Fort Bonifacio