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Date:
18 October 1988
Source:
Vietnam Population Dynamics and Prospects by Judith Banister,
1993
Subject:
population policy; family planning

Text:
(…)
Article 1:
Practicing family planning is the responsibility
of all society, of male as well as female citizens, beginning with the
ministries and the people's committees on the various levels, whose
responsibility it is to provide day to day guidance.
Article 2:
The number of children per couple:
-
Persons in the following categories and persons who live
in the following areas are permitted to have a maximum of two children:
-
Cadres, manual workers and civil servants at agencies of
the party, the state and mass organizations and cadres and soldiers of the
armed forces;
-
Families who live in a municipality, a city or an
industrial zone;
-
Families who live in the Red River Delta, the Mekong Delta,
the lowlands of the central coastal provinces or the midlands.
-
Families of the ethnic minorities in the mountain
provinces of the North, the Central Highlands and the Northwest may have a
maximum of three children per couple.
-
Couples who were married previously, either one or both
of whom have children from their previous marriage, who now wish to have a child
of their own may have only one child.
-
In cases in which twins or triplets are born to the
couple first, they may not have another child. Couples who already have one
child but then give birth to twins or triplets will not be considered as having
exceeded the limit.
-
Persons who have two children, both of whom are
handicapped, may have a third child.
-
The above mentioned families of cadres, members of the
armed forces, manual workers and civil servants are families in which both the
husband and wife are a cadre, manual worker or civil servant or only one person
is a cadre, manual worker, civil servant or member of the armed forces. The
place of residence of the mother is used to determine if a family lives in a
municipality, city or industrial zone.
Article 3:
Child bearing age and the space between children:
-
In the case of families residing in municipalities,
cities and industrial zones in which the husband or wife is a cadre, a member of
the armed forces, a manual worker or a civil servant, child bearing age is 22
years of age or older for women and 24 years of age or older for men. In the
other areas, the age is 19 or older for women and 21 or older for men.
-
The second child, if any, and the first child must be
spaced 3 to 5 years apart. In the case of a woman who gives birth late in life,
after 30 years of age, the space can be 2 to 3 years.
Article 4:
Registration and childbirth management
-
Couples who already have a child (except couples who have
stopped having children) and newly married couples must register with the local
administration and pledge to practice family planning in exact accordance with
Articles 2 and 3. Cadres, manual workers, civil servants and members of the
armed forces are to register at their agency or unit. Civilians are to register
at their village, subward or town people's committee.
-
Agencies, units and village, subward and town people's
committees must routinely keep abreast of the specific situation concerning the
implementation of birth control measures and the birth of children by each
couple within their agency, unit or locality.
-
Agencies and units must report on the family planning
situation within their agency or unit and be under the supervision and
inspection of the people's committee on the basic level and the population and
family planning guidance committee of the precinct, district or town.
Article 5:
Measures for promoting population work and family
planning:
-
Efforts must be intensified to provide widespread
propaganda and education of every form concerning population and family planning
so that everyone clearly understands the benefits to be derived and the
responsibility to teach about population and family planning within general
schools, colleges, vocational schools and cadre training schools.
-
It is necessary to strengthen the system of organizations
engaged in population and family planning work on the various levels so that
they have an adequate number of specialized and semi-specialized cadres. Every
agency and unit must put a cadre in charge of population work and family
planning.
-
A full supply of equipment, implements and drugs as well
as an adequate force of specialized public health cadres must be prepared in
order to promptly meet the needs for gynaecological examinations and medical
treatment and birth control and abortion services. It is necessary to organize
basic public health service units which are convenient to the people and provide
instruction in the use of safe and effective birth control measures and methods
suited to the habits of each area and to each person.
-
The Ministry of Finance, the State Planning Commission,
economic organizations and the people's committees of the provinces,
municipalities, special zones, precincts, wards, districts and cities must
provide appropriate funding to the population committee on their level in order
to provide the conditions needed for the committee to perform its population and
family planning work well.
Article 6:
Policies and regulations encouraging population
work and family planning:
-
Henceforth, one of the standards to be considered in the
allocation of land for the construction of a house and the distribution of
housing is that the family have two children.
The same standards apply to families that have only one child
as apply to families that have two children.
Families that have more than the allowed number of children
(which includes the children they already have) must pay a housing or land rent
calculated at a high price for the extra space they request.
-
Henceforth, families with three children or more will not
be permitted to move into the urban centers of municipalities, cities and
industrial zones.
-
Families that have more than the stipulated number of
children must contribute social support funds, which include funds for education
and health care and an increased contribution of socially beneficial labour.
-
The state will supply, free of charge, birth control
devices, such as intrauterine loops and condoms, birth control pills and public
health services for the insertion of intrauterine loops and abortions to
eligible persons who are cadres, manual workers, civil servants or members of
the armed forces, persons to whom priority is given under policy and poor
persons who register to practice family planning.
-
The widespread sale of birth control devices will be
permitted in order to facilitate their use by everyone who needs them.
-
If they desire to have children, childless women may
receive medical treatment to enable them to bear a child.
-
The state shall adopt regulations offering incentives to
encourage persons to cease child bearing by means of vasectomies and tubal
ligations.
-
When examining the results of the implementation of their
plan, state agencies as well as production and business units must give
consideration to another standard, namely, meeting the norms on population and
family planning.
-
Couples which do not observe the articles concerning the
number of children will be appropriately penalized in accordance with current
law by their immediate management agencies.
Article 7:
The provisions of this decision become effective 3
months after the day they are signed by the chairman of the Council of
Ministers.
On the basis of this decision, the National Population and
Family Planning Commission, the ministries and the people's committees of the
provinces and the municipalities and special zone directly subordinate to the
central level will guide specific enforcement within the scope of their
responsibility.
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