The Asia-Pacific region covers the whole spectrum of energy production and consumption patterns. It includes a few industrial countries with low energy intensity, a number of manufacturing-based economies where energy use is massive and inefficient and many under-developed countries that are struggling to provide basic energy services to people. In hindsight, many industrial countries that enjoy economic prosperity went through a resource intensive and highly polluting development pathway and many emerging economies are following the same path. It is of great value and benefit to distil experiences and lessons in terms of economic structure, industrial policy, energy strategy and environmental management among policy makers and economic planners from developed countries, emerging economies and those countries that are about to embark on industrialization. This will greatly enhance their awareness about the importance and necessity of adopting a low carbon development pathway and about the policy tools, both administrative measures and market instruments. Adopting a low carbon development pattern will avoid the mistakes of the past and create a win-win situation that not only draws people out of poverty, but leads to an environment that can continue to sustain their lives and the economies upon which they depend.