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B. The use of measures in combination

In the previous section, we reviewed different policy measures for integrating environmental considerations into economic decision-making processes. We also reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of various policy instruments. In some cases, it is better to have a combination of the measures, e.g., combining a command and control instrument with a market based instrument, in order to achieve the desire effect.

Example

Indonesia: Industrial Efficiency and Pollution Control Project (IEPC-project)

The establishment of the IEPC-project will tackle industrial pollution problem through the government's provision of investment loans to SMEs for efficient production and cleaner technology. (More...)

Japan: Japan's Garbage Collection Fee

In an attempt to reduce garbage, the Japanese government has adopted an economic policy measure, in combination with the use of economic instruments, aimed at more sensible packaging. (More...)

Malaysia: The Malaysian Effluent Standard-Charge System

An example in the case of the oil palm industry in Malaysia where an MBI was combined with a CAC. (More...)

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