COMPENDIUM OF SUMMARIES OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS IN ENVIRONMENT RELATED CASES

Appendix- Part B

ENVIRONMENT RELATED EXTRACTS FROM THE CONSTITUTIONS OF OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES

VIETNAM

Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 1992

Chapter II

Article 17

The lands, forests and mountains, rivers and lakes, water sources, underground natural resources, and other resources in the territorial seas, on the continental shelf, and in the air space; capital and assets that the state invests in the various enterprises and projects falling under different economic, cultural, social, scientific-technical, diplomatic, and national security and national defense programmes and other property defined by law as belonging to the state are under the ownership of the entire people.

Article 18

All lands are put under unified state management according to plans and laws to ensure that they are utilized according to plans and laws to ensure that they are utilized according to set goals and bring about results.

The state allots land to the various organizations and individuals for use on a stabilized and long-term basis.

Organizations and individuals involved have the responsibility to protect, replenish, and exploit such land in a rational and economical fashion. They may transfer the right to the use of land allotted to them by the state as stipulated by law.

Artiele 29

State organs, units of the armed forces, economic and social bodies, and all individuals must abide by State regulations on the rational use of natural wealth and on environmental protection.

All acts to bring about exhaustion of natural wealth and to cause damage to the environment are strictly forbidden.