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Title:
China's Environmental Watch: A Media Campaign
Keywords: Media, Awareness, Educational initiatives
Location: China
Time Frame: 1993 ongoing
Relevant items: - Awareness and visions
- Training and educational initiatives
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Problem overview:

     Awareness and visions: China has set up massive media campaigns to facilitate its Agenda 21 in raising public awareness on environmental issues.

     Training and educational initiatives: In this particular case, the media plays a critical role in informing and educating the public about current environmental problems and how everyone can contribute in minimizing such problems.

Background in summary:

     Media programs to monitor the environment and raise awareness: Environmental Watch is an annual massive campaign aimed at raising the public awareness of environmental protection. Each year, a 10-member crew from CCTV, goes to 10-20 provinces and municipalities in August to report on local environmental and ecological conditions.

     Covering on land and coastal environmental issues: In 1998 another media campaign was launched to report on marine pollution in coastal provinces. The reports focused on the implementation of the Law on the Protection of the Marine Environment and current pollution of marine environment and resources. The aim was to draw attention from local governments.

     Local communities now have their own monitoring programs: The bombardment of these TV and newspaper reports constitutes a massive media campaign, serving to raise the public awareness of environmental issues and drawing widespread attention. Encouraged by the CCTV's Environment Watch, provinces and municipalities initiated local programs to monitor their own environmental quality. 25 provinces (autonomous regions) and 212 cities have launched such a watchdog program.

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Peer Review Committee

Good practice rating:

(1 for the best, 5 for the lowest score)

Sustainability Efficiency
2 Improvement in either the environment of economic condition with no harm to the other. 1 Cost efficient.
2 Sustainable over time (not one-off) Process
Adaptability 2 Participation of the community
2 Location adaptability (can the project be done in other places?) - Participation of resource owners/users
2 Socio-cultural adaptability. 2 Partnerships between various actors (Governments, NGO, Academia, Private)
2 Level of development adaptability. - Degree of coordination and cooperation between government departments.
3 Style of government adaptability. 2 Ability to attract political interest/support
3 Degree of decentralization adaptability. - Procedures for feedback and review.

Comments on this example:

     Training and educational initiatives: Apart from reporting environmental conditions and launching campaigns, Environmental Watch could produce environmental education TV programs. Advantages are that the message would be more interesting-compared to reading books-and a large group of audience could be reached at one time. Suggested programs, for example, how to reuse household goods, how to conserve energy at a domestic scale, how to reduce carbon emission and so on.

      Although, one point that should be considered, is the media should not become a tool for the government to create propoganda. It should remain as an independent institution.

Sustainability of the project:

     Awareness and visions: This example shows how the media plays a critical role in promoting environmental awareness to the people and local authorities. The media has always been admired for its power to influence minds, but in the case of Environmental Watch, people are being influenced in a positive way.

     Therefore, a well-organized media campaign should be considered as a prerequisite in the environmental conservation process. In certain instances the media may have to be given training and be motivated to play a progressive role, rather than a destructive role as in most cases.

Adaptability of the project to other situations:

      Many countries have adopted media campaigns as a way to stimulate public involvement in sustainable development. The results have been impressive. See also Tonga's Environmental Awareness Week

Process of decision making and implementation:

      One point of consideration when using the media as means to reach the public to create environmental awareness is that this system requires supporting structures i.e. media signal transmitters and receivers. If the majority of target households do not have access to either TV radio or newspapers then there is no point in using the media. However, in some countries, villages with zero household access to TV have been successful in using long distance education systems via satellite TV programs. Each village has a center (normally village schools) where villagers could have access to TV programs there. Educational programs also help solve the problem of shortage of school teachers.

     Procedures for feedback and review: Programmes for feedback and review in this kind of media campaign would remain as a challenge to reflect the real public interest in certain issues. However, non is mentioned in the context.

Cost efficiency:

     Cost efficient: The cost of creating environmental awareness media programs will certainly be high if you look at the book value, because there will be costs incurred from traveling, filming, producing the programs, transmitting the programs, and etc. However, if you calculate the average cost per number of viewers, the it will be significantly low, because the programs have reached so many viewers throughout the nation.


Documentation:

Literature or other written project review references

Source of Information:

Mr. Chen Yuxiang

Contacts:

Mr. Chen Yuxianga
Deputy Director
The Administrative Centre for China's Agenda 21
Beijing, China

Submitted by:

Mr. Chen Yuxianga
Deputy Director
The Administrative Centre for China's Agenda 21
Beijing, China


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