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V. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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A. Institutional systems for environmental management and socio-economic development planning in China
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3. Interaction/links between planning and environmental management
Interaction and interlinks exist between the planning system and the environmental management system. First, a Planning Commission formulates a development plan with the participation of the corresponding environment department.
The Planning Commission gives overall consideration to environmental protection as the main objective, including overall implications on the size, speed, structure and distribution of national economic development.
On the basis of environmental protection goals, each Planning Commission works out corresponding policies for industry, energy and urban layout, etc.
Second, on the basis of the strategies and objectives of the social and economic development plan formulated by each Planning Commission, the corresponding environment protection agency works out an environmental plan.
Third, each Planning Commission takes into account funds, technology, projects etc., with the participation of the environmental protection agency (for example, environmental protection goals, plans, indexes and key measures/projects).
The Commission then integrates the environmental plan into the social and economic development plan. For example, after capital construction projects on environmental protection are formulated by the National Environment Protection Agency and approved by the State Planning Commission, the projects may be implemented.
Another example are technological transformation projects, which after approval by the State Economy and Trade Commission may be implemented. The interaction and interlinks between the planning system and the environmental management system are shown in figure 24.
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