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II. SHENGYANG CITY DEVELOPMENT: CURRENT SITUATION
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A. Advantages of location
Situated in the middle of north-eastern Asia, Shenyang is one of the most important central cities in that region with regard to economy, politics and culture
in that region.
There are broad coastal areas to the south of Shenyang and a wide
hinterland to the north.
It is the largest rail, highway and air transportation junction
in north-eastern China, particularly with regard to linking the Democratic People's
Republic of Korea, Mongolia, Siberia and the far eastern region of the Russian Federation.
It will therefore play an important role in the development of the "Eastern Asia Economic Sphere".
Shenyang is the intersection of five arterial railways (Haerbin-Dalian, Shenyang-Shanhaiguan.
Shenyang-Dandong, Shenyang-Jilin and Shenyang-Fushun), five arterial highways (Ai-Da, Jing-Ha, Dan-huo, Jing-Shen and Ming-Shen) and five provincial highways.
The railways and highways are vital links between north-eastern China, the remainder of the country and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, as well as Yingkou and Dalian ports.
The great expressway passage characterized by the "One Ring and Four Rays" strategy was formed, making Shenyang the hub in the north-east.
Shenyang Civil Aviation has intra-airlines with regular air flights to more than 40 cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzbou, Changsha, Chengdu, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Xian, Xiamen, Haikou, Shenzhen, Wulumuqi, Kunming, Dalian and Haerbin.
It has opened up international and regional air routes including Shenyang-Hong Kong, Shenyang-Seoul, Shenyang, Pyongyang etc., and Shenyang Taoxian International Airport is serving passengers from all over the world with first-level services and facilities.
Shenyang is also a telecommunication centre for north-eastern China, and acts as a junction for information links between the north-east and the rest of the country, as well as the rest of the world.
Figure 3. Administrative regionalization of Shenyang
Shenyang is a link between the north-eastern economic region and the Bohai Rim economic region.
Located in the junction area of the two economic regions, Shenyang is the largest transportation, post and telecommunication hub linking them.
It has become a double-direction, transportation and communication hub, and product and information conduit for the two economic regions. At the same time, Shenyang is the political, cultural, economic, scientific and technical centre of Liaoning, which has strengthened its central position in the linking of the two economic regions.
In addition, the Beijing-Shenyang Railway and Beijing-Shenyang Highway (102 national arterial highway) that makes Shenyang the junction in linking the two economic regions.
Shenyang is also the centre of the middle city group in Liaoning province.
From Shenyang as the central point out to 150 km, there are many famous Chinese cities such as Steel City, Anshan; Coal City, Fushun; Coal-Iron City, Benxi; Coal-power City, Fuxin; Petroleum City, Panjin; Light-textile City, Dandong; Chemical Fibre City, Liaoyang; and Grain-Coal Base City, Tieling.
They are industrial cities that have rich resources and a solid base that forms a city group in the highly-concentrated, heavy chemical industrial region.
Many key heavy and chemical industrial products are provided by Liaoning to the whole country.
Taking Shenyang as the centre, the city group not only features short distances between each of the cities but also has highly-developed communication and transportation networks.
The density of the railways and highways is in the highest in China.
Combining the superiority of the city group with that of coastal port cities including Dalian, Yingkou and Dandong, the superiority of middle and south Liaoning has become well established.
The location of Shenyang makes it the largest centre for concentrating and dispersing materials, as well as the key trade and financial centre and foreign trading port in the north-east.
Furthermore, added to the use of advanced technologies, the good social and economic conditions of Shenyang offer it the chance of becoming an international city in North-east Asia.
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