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III. INTEGRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS INTO DECISION- MAKING FOR FLOOD LOSS REDUCTION[ III-A | III-B | III-C | III-D | III-E | III-F | III-G ] D. Integration at the local and regional levels (environmental impact assessment)1. Guidelines on eia for small-scale projectsThe purpose of this guideline (LGED, 1994a) is to enable the local level engineers (Thana Engineers) and other technical staff to better appreciate the environmental issues related to small-scale (less than 2500 ha benefited area) selected infrastructure development and equip them to carry out environmental impact assessment and incorporate the environmental protection parameters in the project preparation process. The guidelines are planned to enable the Thana Engineers to analyze the adverse environmental consequences of projects and adopt appropriate measures to eliminate, reduce to acceptable levels or offset such adverse consequences through proper planning and design and thus to optimize overall socio-economic benefits. The ultimate purpose of the guidelines is to strengthen and guide the initiatives of LGED to ensure planned development of physical infrastructure facilities taking environmental and social dimensions into consideration at the local level.The guidelines constitute simple procedures and formats to guide Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of proposed projects and draw up plans for environmental management. The guidelines may also be used to conduct IEE and EIA of ongoing and implemented projects to identify potential negative impacts, and to design environmental protection measures and appropriate monitoring programmes. The checklist of environmental parameters of Thana drainage and flood control embankment projects as adopted in the guideline for IEE is shown in Table 15. If there are checked items in moderate and severe impact columns, then mitigation measures will need to be identified which will lower the adverse effects to a satisfactory level. If no definite mitigation measure can be identified without further analysis, full scale follow-up EIA will be required. Table 15. Checklist of environmental parameters of small scale projects in EIA Name of the Projects:__________________
Source: :Local Government Engineering Department 1994a In the EIA guideline, the beneficial and adverse changes in environmental parameters resulting from a project, usually expressed in qualitative terms, have been plotted in a scale to quantify the environmental alterations. Figure 15 shows the correlation between qualitative statements and proposed quantitative values of environmental changes resulting from a project. Figure 15. Quantification of environmental impact in planning small-scale infrastructural development projects
Not all environmental parameters influenced by the project are of
equal importance or weight. The importance of a parameter varies from country
to country depending on the environmental concerns of the country. In Bangladesh,
flood, employment, agriculture, fisheries, etc. carry more importance than
many others. The parameters related to infrastructure projects have been
given different values based on prevailing environmental concerns in Bangladesh
and are presented in Figure 16. The values representing importance or weight
of the parameters can be used to compute the relative impacts of the parameters
which are then summed up to obtain the total Environmental
Impact Value of the project.
Figure 16. Relative importance values of environmental
parameters related to small-scale infrastructure planning
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